⚡

Effects of Electric Current

Class 10 Science - Chapter 4 Important Questions

⚡ Ohm's Law | Joule's Heating | Magnetic & Chemical Effects

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📗 Chapter 4: Effects of Electric Current
🎓 Class: 10 (Maharashtra Board)
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Very Short Answer Questions
1–2 Marks Each
  1. What is electric current?
    Basic Definition
  2. Write the SI unit of electric current.
    Unit Specification
  3. What is meant by an electric circuit?
    Circuit Concept
  4. Define electric potential difference.
    Potential Concept
  5. State the SI unit of potential difference.
    Unit Specification
  6. What is resistance?
    Resistance Definition
  7. Write the unit of resistance.
    Unit Specification
  8. State Ohm's law.
    Fundamental Law
  9. What is electrical power?
    Power Concept
  10. What is the function of a fuse?
    Safety Device
Short Answer Questions
3–4 Marks Each
  1. Explain electric current and its measurement.
    Concept & Measurement
  2. Define potential difference and explain how it is measured.
    Concept & Measurement
  3. Explain resistance and state the factors affecting it.
    Resistance & Factors
    R = ρL/A (Factors: Length, Area, Material)
  4. Explain Ohm's law with the help of a simple circuit.
    Law Explanation with Circuit
    V = IR
  5. What is electrical energy? Write its formula and unit.
    Energy Concept
    E = P × t = VIt
  6. Explain electrical power and write its formula.
    Power Concept
    P = VI = I²R = V²/R
  7. Explain the heating effect of electric current.
    Heating Effect
  8. State Joule's law of heating.
    Heating Law
    H = I²Rt
  9. Explain the working of an electric fuse.
    Safety Device Working
  10. What is an electromagnet? State any two uses.
    Electromagnet & Applications
Long Answer Questions
5 Marks Each
  1. Explain Ohm's law in detail with a neat circuit diagram.
    Detailed Law Explanation
    Battery → Switch → Resistor → Ammeter (Series) → Back to Battery
    Voltmeter connected in parallel across Resistor
  2. Derive the formula for electrical power and write its different forms.
    Formula Derivation
    P = VI, P = I²R, P = V²/R
  3. Explain Joule's law of heating and state its applications.
    Heating Law & Applications
  4. Describe the magnetic effect of electric current.
    Magnetic Effect
  5. Explain the chemical effect of electric current with examples.
    Chemical Effect & Examples
Numerical / Application-Based Questions
Problem Solving
  1. Calculate the current flowing through a conductor if the potential difference across it is given and resistance is known.
    Current Calculation
    I = V/R
  2. Find the resistance of a conductor when voltage and current values are given.
    Resistance Calculation
    R = V/I
  3. Calculate electrical power consumed by an appliance using given data.
    Power Calculation
    P = VI or P = I²R or P = V²/R
  4. Calculate electrical energy consumed in a given time.
    Energy Calculation
    E = P × t (in kWh or J)
  5. Identify the correct formula to be used for calculating heat produced in a conductor.
    Formula Identification
    H = I²Rt (Joule's heating formula)
Reasoning-Based Questions
Conceptual Understanding
  1. Why are electric heating devices made of materials with high resistance?
    Material Selection Reasoning
  2. Why is a fuse connected in series with the appliance?
    Circuit Safety Reasoning
  3. Why is a voltmeter connected in parallel in a circuit?
    Measurement Technique Reasoning
  4. Why does a conductor get heated when current flows through it?
    Heating Phenomenon Reasoning